1. What are some must-see historical landmarks in Gyeongju?
1. Bulguksa Temple: Built in the 8th century, this Buddhist temple is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the most famous landmarks in Gyeongju.
2. Seokguram Grotto: Located near Bulguksa Temple, this 8th-century grotto holds a large Buddha statue and is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
3. Cheomseongdae Observatory: This ancient astronomical observatory was built during the Silla Dynasty and is believed to be one of the oldest of its kind in East Asia.
4. Anapji Pond: Originally built as a part of the palace complex for the Silla royal family, this artificial pond is now a popular tourist attraction with beautiful night-time illuminations.
5. Daereungwon Tomb Complex: These ancient burial mounds, known as tumuli, are believed to hold the remains of royalty from the Silla Dynasty and offer insight into their burial practices.
6. Yangdong Folk Village: This traditional village showcases over 150 traditional Korean houses and offers visitors a glimpse into rural life during the Joseon Dynasty.
7. Hwangnyongsa Temple Site: Once one of the largest Buddhist temples in East Asia, this historical site now features excavated ruins and artifacts from its former glory days.
8. Tumuli Park: This park contains over 20 royal tombs from the Silla Dynasty, including the famous Cheonmachong Tomb which boasts well-preserved relics and decorations.
9.Sabiseong Fortress: This ancient fortress was built in 504 AD to protect Gyeongju from foreign invasions and offers scenic hiking trails with breathtaking views of the city.
10. National Museum of Gyeongju: With over 70,000 artifacts on display, this museum offers a comprehensive overview of Gyeongju’s history and cultural significance.
2. How many UNESCO World Heritage Sites are there in Gyeongju?
There are 5 UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Gyeongju. They are:
1. Gyeongju Historic Areas
2. Seokguram Grotto and Bulguksa Temple
3. Yangdong Folk Village
4. Namsan Mountain Settlement
5. Mounded Tombs of Ancient Silla
3. Can you recommend the best time to visit Gyeongju for sightseeing?
The best time to visit Gyeongju for sightseeing is during the spring (April-May) or autumn (September-November) seasons. This is when the weather is mild and comfortable, making it perfect for exploring the city’s outdoor attractions. Additionally, these seasons also provide picturesque landscapes as the cherry blossoms bloom in spring and the fall foliage turns into vibrant colors in autumn.
4. Are there any guided tours available for exploring Gyeongju’s historical landmarks?
Yes, there are guided tours available for exploring Gyeongju’s historical landmarks. Some options include:1. Gyeongju City Tour (bus tour): This tour takes about 4 hours and covers major historical sites such as Bulguksa Temple and Seokguram Grotto.
2. Gyeongju Heritage Tour (walking tour): This tour takes about 2.5 hours and covers historic sites in the downtown area of Gyeongju, including the Cheomseongdae Observatory and Anapji Pond.
3. Bike Tour: There are various bike tours available in Gyeongju that take you through the city’s historic districts, ancient temples, and royal tombs.
4. Private Guided Tour: You can also book a private guided tour with a certified local guide who will customize the itinerary according to your interests and preferences.
5. Audio Guide Tours: Many tourist sites in Gyeongju offer audio guide tours in multiple languages which provide detailed information about the history and significance of each site.
6. Virtual Reality Tours: Some cultural attractions in Gyeongju offer virtual reality experiences that allow you to explore ancient palaces or experience traditional cultural activities like archery or tea ceremonies.
It is recommended to book these tours in advance to ensure availability and to get the most out of your visit to Gyeongju’s historical landmarks.
5. What is the significance of Bulguksa Temple in Gyeongju’s history?
Bulguksa Temple is a significant historical and cultural site in Gyeongju, South Korea. It was built during the Silla Dynasty in the 8th century and is considered to be one of the most representative examples of Korean Buddhist temple architecture.
1. UNESCO World Heritage Site: In 1995, Bulguksa Temple, along with its surrounding Seokguram Grotto, was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site for its outstanding architectural and artistic value.
2. Symbol of Silla Dynasty: As one of the major legacies of the Silla Dynasty (57 BC – 935 AD), Bulguksa Temple represents the height of the dynasty’s cultural achievements.
3. National Treasure: It is also designated as National Treasure No. 26 and holds immense cultural significance for South Korea.
4. Religious Center: During its construction, Bulguksa Temple served as a center for Buddhism and played an important role in spreading Buddhism throughout East Asia. The temple complex housed numerous monks and scholars who practiced and studied Buddhism.
5. Architectural and Artistic Marvel: With its intricate structural design, beautiful gardens, and numerous stone sculptures, Bulguksa Temple is considered to be one of the finest examples of traditional Korean architecture.
6. Preservation Efforts: Despite facing destruction during wars and natural disasters over centuries, efforts have been made to preserve this temple complex. The current structures at Bulguksa date back to reconstructions done in the early 20th century.
7. Tourist Attraction: Today, Bulguksa Temple receives millions of visitors each year who come to admire its beauty and learn about its rich history.
Overall, Bulguksa Temple holds great significance in Gyeongju’s history as a testament to ancient Korean culture, religion, art, and architecture.
6. Is it possible to visit multiple historical sites in one day in Gyeongju?
Yes, it is possible to visit multiple historical sites in one day in Gyeongju. The city is compact and the historical sites are located close to each other, making it easy to navigate and see multiple sites in a day. Some popular sites that can be visited in one day include Bulguksa Temple, Seokguram Grotto, Cheomseongdae Observatory, Anapji Pond, and Yangdong Village. It is recommended to plan your route beforehand and prioritize the sites you want to see based on their location and opening hours. Consider purchasing a Gyeongju Heritage Site Pass for discounted entry into multiple sites.
7. Which ancient kingdom does Seokguram Grotto represent and why is it important?
Seokguram Grotto represents the ancient kingdom of Silla in Korea. This kingdom was important as one of the three kingdoms that existed in Korea from 57 BC to 935 AD. It is also known as one of the most powerful and prosperous kingdoms in Korean history. The grotto is considered a significant representation of Silla’s cultural and religious beliefs, showcasing its remarkable advancements in Buddhist art and architecture during that time period. Additionally, it holds significant spiritual importance for many Koreans, as it contains a statue of Buddha believed to be created by the divine intervention of the Silla king at the time. The grotto serves as a reminder of Silla’s cultural and artistic legacy, making it an important site for both historical and religious purposes.
8. Is there a specific route or itinerary for visiting Gyeongju’s top landmarks?
There are many different routes and itineraries that you could take to visit Gyeongju’s top landmarks, as there are over 40 historic sites in the city. Here is one possible suggested itinerary for seeing some of the most popular landmarks:
Day 1:
– Start your day at the Bulguksa Temple, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of Korea’s most important temples.
– Next, head to Seokguram Grotto, a beautiful Buddhist cave temple located near Bulguksa.
– Afterward, visit Cheomseongdae Observatory, one of the world’s oldest observatories and a symbol of ancient astronomy in Korea.
– End your day by strolling through Daereungwon Tumuli Park, where you can see some of the largest royal tombs in Korea.
Day 2:
– Begin your day at Anapji Pond, an artificial pond created during the Silla Dynasty and known for its scenic beauty.
– From there, head to Yangdong Folk Village, a traditional village that gives insight into rural life during the Joseon Dynasty.
– Next stop is Gyeongju National Museum, where you can learn more about the history and culture of Gyeongju.
– Finish your day at Donggung Palace and Wolji Pond (formerly known as Anapji), a reconstructed palace garden with beautiful lakeside views.
Day 3:
– Kick off your final day in Gyeongju by touring the ruins of Gameunsa Temple, an important center for Silla Buddhism.
– Next up is Hwangnyongsa Temple Site Complex, which was once one of the largest temples in Asia during its time.
– Finally, make your way to Namsan Mountain to see Seokbinggo Ice Storage. This large ice storage structure shows how people used to store ice before refrigeration was invented.
Of course, this is just one possible itinerary and you could easily spend more time exploring all that Gyeongju has to offer. It’s also worth considering a tour or hiring a guide to ensure that you don’t miss any important sites and get the most out of your visit.
9. How long does it take to fully explore Anapji Pond and its surrounding historical sites?
It can take approximately 1-2 hours to fully explore Anapji Pond and its surrounding historical sites, depending on your pace and level of interest in each site. Some visitors may choose to spend more time exploring the pond itself, while others may choose to visit each of the nearby structures. It is recommended to allocate at least a couple of hours for a thorough exploration of Anapji Pond and its surrounding sites.
10. What are some lesser-known but worth visiting historical gems in Gyeongju?
1. Bulguksa Temple: This UNESCO World Heritage Site is one of the best-preserved and most beautiful temples in South Korea, dating back to the 8th century.
2. Gyeongju National Museum: Located inside Tumuli Park, this museum houses an impressive collection of artifacts and relics from the Silla Kingdom.
3. Cheomseongdae Observatory: This ancient astronomical observatory, built in the 7th century, is one of the oldest existing observatories in East Asia.
4. Seokguram Grotto: This must-see attraction is home to a stunning stone Buddha statue and is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
5. Daereungwon Tomb Complex: This large burial ground contains over 20 royal tombs from the Silla Dynasty, including the famous Cheonmachong Tomb.
6. Tomb of King Muyeol: Located on Mount Namsan, this tomb is dedicated to King Muyeol, who united the three kingdoms of Korea and founded the Silla Dynasty.
7. Woljeonggyo Bridge: This picturesque bridge spans across a peaceful lotus pond and was originally built during the Silla Dynasty.
8. Anapji Pond: Once a royal garden for the Silla Kings, this pond is now a serene park with beautiful pavilions and walking paths.
9. Hwangnyongsa Temple Site: This site was once home to one of the largest Buddhist temples in East Asia but now only ruins remain after it was destroyed during war.
10. Gyeongju National Park: The national park covers most of Gyeongju city and offers numerous hiking trails and scenic spots such as Mt. Toham and Mt Namsan.
11. How has the Bomun Tourist Complex affected the preservation of ancient sites in Gyeongju?
The Bomun Tourist Complex has had both positive and negative effects on the preservation of ancient sites in Gyeongju.
On one hand, the development of the complex has brought increased economic growth and tourism to the area, leading to more resources being allocated towards the preservation and restoration of ancient sites. This includes funding for conservation projects, as well as improved infrastructure for visitors to access these sites.
On the other hand, the construction and expansion of hotels, resorts, golf courses, and other tourism facilities within the complex have encroached upon and damaged some ancient sites. In particular, there have been concerns about the impact of golf course irrigation on underground water systems and artifacts.
Furthermore, the influx of tourists to Gyeongju can also result in increased foot traffic and wear-and-tear on historic structures. There have been cases where visitors have accidentally damaged or even stolen artifacts from ancient sites within the complex.
Overall, while the Bomun Tourist Complex has brought much-needed attention and resources to preserving Gyeongju’s ancient heritage, it is important for authorities to carefully manage development in order to minimize negative impacts on these valuable historical treasures.
12. Are there any festivals or events centered around Gyeongju’s history and culture?
Yes, there are several festivals and events in Gyeongju that celebrate its rich history and culture. Some of the most popular ones include:
1. Silla Cultural Festival – This festival celebrates the ancient kingdom of Silla, which ruled Gyeongju for over a thousand years. It features traditional music and dance performances, as well as reenactments of historical events.
2. Gyeongju World Culture Expo – This is a cultural event that showcases the traditional cultures of various countries around the world through performances, exhibits, and workshops.
3. Gyeongju Cherry Blossom Festival – This festival takes place in April when the cherry blossoms are in full bloom. It offers visitors the chance to admire these beautiful flowers while enjoying traditional music and food.
4. Hwangnyongsa Temple Festival – This festival celebrates one of Gyeongju’s most famous temples, Hwangnyongsa, which was built during the Silla dynasty. Visitors can participate in temple rituals and experience traditional temple life during this event.
5. Bulguksa Temple Lantern Festival – Held in October, this festival features thousands of lanterns lining the paths to Bulguksa Temple, one of Korea’s most iconic Buddhist temples.
6. Gyeongju International Art Festival – This art festival showcases both local and international art exhibitions, performances, and workshops.
7. Cultural Heritage Night Tour – Every Friday night from March to November, visitors can join a guided tour to explore historical sites such as Cheomseongdae Observatory and Banwolseong Fortress under starry skies.
8. Culinary Adventure Gyeongju – This event introduces traditional foods of Gyeongju through food tours and cooking classes conducted by local chefs.
9. Mount Namsan Hermitage Staying Experience Program – Visitors can stay at a hermitage on Mount Namsan for three days to experience Buddhist monastic life and learn about the teachings of Buddhism.
10. Gyeongju Ultra Marathon – This annual marathon takes place in October, providing runners with a unique opportunity to explore the historic city while staying physically active.
13. Can you access Gyochon Traditional Village on foot or by public transportation?
Yes, Gyochon Traditional Village can be accessed on foot or by public transportation. It is located in the heart of Jeonju city and can be easily reached via bus or taxi. The closest bus stop to the village is Jeonju Hanok Village Bus Stop, which is a 5-minute walk away. Alternatively, you can also take a leisurely 10-15 minute walk from Jeonju Train Station to get to the village.
14. How were the various pagodas and relics at Gameunsa Temple complex preserved over time?
The various pagodas and relics at Gameunsa Temple complex were preserved through several methods over time.
1) Restoration: The first official restoration of the temple complex was carried out in 1467, during the Joseon Dynasty. This was followed by multiple restorations throughout the years, with the most recent one taking place in 2010. These restoration projects are aimed at preserving the original design and structural integrity of the pagodas and relics.
2) Protection: The temples and pagodas were protected from natural elements such as rain, wind, and sun, with various layers of roofs and walls. Additionally, they were also protected from potential damage caused by human activities or rituals.
3) Cultural Heritage Management: Since 1962, Gameunsa Temple has been designated as a national cultural heritage site by the Korean government. This means that preservation efforts are consistently carried out to protect the historical buildings and artifacts.
4) Periodic inspections: Regular inspections are conducted to monitor the condition of the structures and repair any damages or wear and tear.
5) Limited access: To minimize physical damage caused by visitors, access to certain areas of the temple complex is limited. Special permission is required for individuals or groups who wish to visit certain parts of the complex.
6) Conservation techniques: Various conservation techniques, such as using traditional materials and methods, are employed in preserving and restoring these ancient structures.
Overall, a combination of active preservation efforts by humans and natural protection measures have helped to keep these historical structures intact over time.
15. Are there any restrictions or guidelines for visiting royal tombs, such as those at Daereungwon Tomb Complex?
Yes, there are restrictions and guidelines for visiting royal tombs, including Daereungwon Tomb Complex. These may include:1. Dress code: Visitors are expected to dress conservatively and avoid wearing revealing clothes or clothing with offensive language or symbols.
2. Photography: Taking pictures inside the tombs is strictly prohibited, and photography is only allowed in designated areas outside the tombs.
3. Respectful behavior: Visitors are expected to maintain a quiet and respectful demeanor while visiting the tombs, as they are considered places of reverence.
4. No eating or drinking: Eating and drinking are not allowed inside the tombs or on the grounds surrounding them.
5. No touching: Visitors should not touch any of the artifacts or structures within the tomb complex.
6. Follow tour routes: Visitors must follow designated tour routes and stay within designated areas at all times.
7. Prohibited items: Weapons, explosives, flammable materials, and other dangerous items are strictly prohibited on tomb grounds.
8. Observe closure schedule: Some royal tombs may be closed to visitors on certain days for maintenance or preservation purposes. It is important to check the official website or information center before visiting to ensure that your desired tomb is open to visitors on that day.
9. Respectful offering protocol: If a visitor chooses to make an offering at a royal tomb, it should be done respectfully and according to established protocols.
10. No vandalism or littering: Visitors should not damage or deface any part of the tombs or leave behind any litter during their visit.
11. Follow park rules: Royal tombs are often located in park-like settings, so visitors should also follow any additional rules posted for using park facilities (e.g., no smoking).
12. Follow instructions from staff: If there are any signs or directions given by staff members at the tomb complex, visitors should follow them accordingly for safety reasons.
13. Children supervision: Parents or guardians should closely supervise their children and ensure that they follow all the rules and guidelines while visiting royal tombs.
16. What is the story behind Cheomseongdae Observatory and how was it used by ancient Koreans?
Cheomseongdae Observatory, located in Gyeongju, South Korea, is an ancient astronomical observation tower that was built during the reign of Queen Seondeok of the Silla Dynasty, around 640 AD. It is considered to be one of the oldest existing observatories in East Asia.According to historical records, Cheomseongdae was used by ancient Koreans as an astronomical tool to observe and study the movements of stars and planets in order to predict auspicious times for farming and other important activities. It was also used for astrological purposes, with astrologers using the observations from the tower to make predictions about future events.
The construction of Cheomseongdae showcases the advanced scientific knowledge and astronomical understanding of the Silla people. The structure is made up of 3625 granite blocks stacked on top of each other without any mortar or adhesive. The number of stones corresponds to the estimated number of days in a lunar year, emphasizing its importance in tracking time according to lunar cycles.
During its active period, it is believed that Cheomseongdae was used by court astronomers who would climb to the top platform each night to observe and record their findings. Remains of various astronomical instruments have also been found at the site, providing evidence that it was a center for studying and practicing astronomy.
Today, Cheomseongdae remains an important cultural symbol for Korea’s scientific achievements and continues to attract tourists and researchers interested in astronomy and ancient Korean history.
17. Are there any famous artworks or artifacts on display at the National Museum of Korea?
Yes, there are several famous artworks and artifacts on display at the National Museum of Korea. Some notable pieces include:
1. Gilt-bronze Incense Burner from Baekje: This artifact is considered one of the national treasures of Korea and dates back to the Kingdom of Baekje (18 BCE – 660 CE).
2. Gold Crown from Silla: Another national treasure, this crown dates back to the 5th-6th century during the Silla Kingdom (57 BCE – 935 CE).
3. Geumgwan Gaya Bronze Belt: This bronze belt comes from another ancient Korean kingdom, Gaya (42–562 CE).
4. Pensive Bodhisattva Statue: A popular Buddhist sculpture dating back to the 7th century during the Unified Silla period (668–935 CE). It is known for its serene and contemplative expression.
5. Seokguram Buddha Statue: Another famous Buddhist sculpture, carved in granite during the Unified Silla period.
6. Porcelain Celadon Vases: The museum houses an extensive collection of celadon pottery, including iconic vases like Maebyeong and Cheongja.
7. Chaekgeori Screen Painting: A unique painting depicting a bookshelf filled with a variety of books from different subjects and genres.
8. Ornamental Daggers from Baekje: These ornate daggers are elaborately decorated with gold and silver plating and date back to the Baekje Kingdom.
9. Painting of King Jeongjo on Horseback: A dynamic portrait of King Jeongjo (ruler from 1776–1800) riding on horseback and wielding a sword.
10. Portrait of Admiral Yi Sun-sin: A famous painting depicting Admiral Yi Sun-sin, a Korean naval commander renowned for his victories against Japanese invasions in the late 16th century.
18. Can visitors still experience traditional tea ceremonies at Bunhwangsa Temple?
Yes, visitors can still experience traditional tea ceremonies at Bunhwangsa Temple. These ceremonies typically take place in the temple’s tea room and involve the preparation and serving of tea by a trained tea master while participants learn about the history and customs surrounding Korean tea culture. However, it is recommended to check with the temple in advance to confirm availability and schedule.
19. How has Hwangnyongsa Temple been reconstructed since its destruction during the Mongol invasions?
Hwangnyongsa Temple, located in Gyeongju, South Korea, has a long and tumultuous history. It was first built in 553 during the reign of King Jinheung of Silla. Over the years, it was destroyed and rebuilt multiple times due to various wars and invasions.
The most devastating destruction of Hwangnyongsa Temple occurred during the Mongol invasions from 1231-1270. The temple was ransacked and burned down by the invading armies, leaving only a few stone pagodas standing.
After Korea regained its independence from the Mongols, efforts were made to rebuild Hwangnyongsa Temple. However, political turmoil and continued attacks by neighboring countries hindered progress. It wasn’t until the Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910) that Hwangnyongsa Temple was officially reconstructed.
During this time, King Taejong ordered for Hwangnyongsa Temple to be rebuilt as a symbol of national pride. The reconstruction process was led by renowned architect Yi Eun-gyeom who used traditional Korean architectural techniques and materials.
Today, visitors can see the restored main hall (Geuknakjeon), Sutra Hall (Janggyeonggak), East Pagoda (Tappyeongjeon), West Pagoda (Rurisanmun), and two reliefs of lions guarding the temple’s entrance. The original layout of the temple has been faithfully preserved, with some additions such as a museum displaying artifacts excavated from the site.
In 1977,Hwangnyongsa Temple, along with several other famous historical sites in Gyeongju, were designated as UNESCO World Heritage Sites under the name “Gyeongju Historic Areas.” This recognition further highlighted the cultural significance of this ancient temple and its importance in Korean history.
Today, Hwangnyongsa Temple continues to attract tourists and Buddhist pilgrims, with its beautiful architecture and serene surroundings. It stands as a testament to the resilience and perseverance of the Korean people in preserving their cultural heritage.
20. Can you recommend any unique ways to explore the history and beauty of Gyeongju beyond traditional sightseeing?
1. Take a bike tour: Rent a bike and explore Gyeongju’s historic sites and natural beauty at your own pace. Many rental shops offer guided biking tours that take you to lesser-known sites and provide insights into local culture and history.
2. Attend a traditional tea ceremony: Experience the ancient tradition of tea drinking in a serene hanok (traditional Korean house) setting. There are several tea houses in Gyeongju that offer guided ceremonies, where you can learn about the different types of tea and their health benefits.
3. Stay in a traditional guesthouse: Instead of a modern hotel, opt for a stay in one of Gyeongju’s numerous hanok guesthouses. These traditional homes have been converted into unique accommodations, offering an authentic cultural experience.
4. Visit an agricultural village: Take a break from the city and visit a rural village in Gyeongju, where you can learn about traditional farming methods and try your hand at activities like rice planting or harvesting.
5. Attend a temple stay program: Many Buddhist temples in Gyeongju offer multi-day temple stay programs, allowing visitors to experience the daily life of monks and participate in their practices such as meditation and chanting.
6. Explore by night: Take part in one of the evening walking tours offered by the Gyeongju Cultural Heritage Administration, where guides will share ghost stories and legends while taking you on a lantern-lit journey through historic sites.
7. Try traditional crafts: Join a workshop to learn how to make traditional crafts such as pottery or lacquerware under the guidance of skilled artisans.
8. Go on a food tour: Sample local delicacies on a food tour through Gyeongju’s traditional markets or street food vendors, learning about the history and significance of each dish along the way.
9. Hike up Namsan Mountain: Namsan Mountain is known for its beautiful hiking trails and stunning views. Take a leisurely hike to explore ancient tombs, temples, and historical sites hidden among the lush scenery.
10. Attend a traditional performance: Experience traditional Korean performing arts at Gyeongju’s outdoor theater, where performances of music, dance, and theater take place against the backdrop of historic sites.
11. Visit a museum or art gallery: Gyeongju has several museums and art galleries that showcase both local and international art and artifacts. Take some time to explore these spaces and learn about different aspects of Gyeongju’s history and culture.
12. Participate in a cultural festival: Throughout the year, Gyeongju hosts various cultural festivals celebrating everything from ancient rituals to modern music. Check the events calendar before your visit to see what festivals are happening during your stay.
13. Take a boat tour on Bomun Lake: Relax and take in the scenic beauty of Bomun Lake as you cruise around on a traditional wooden boat or try out some water activities such as paddle boating or kayaking.
14. Explore Seokguram Grotto at sunrise: Wake up early to visit Seokguram Grotto at sunrise when the site is less crowded, allowing for a peaceful experience surrounded by stunning natural beauty.
15. Ride the Silla Millennium Park monorail: Get an aerial view of Gyeongju’s Silla Millennium Park on the monorail which takes you through sections showcasing different aspects of Silla culture.
16. Go fishing at Anapji Pond: Spend a relaxing afternoon fishing at Anapji Pond, which is known for its peaceful atmosphere and beautiful surroundings.
17. Stay in a temple stay program cabin village: Some temples offer accommodation in secluded cabin villages for those looking for a tranquil retreat surrounded by nature.
18. Visit Woljeonggyo Bridge during cherry blossom season: During springtime, Woljeonggyo Bridge is surrounded by stunning cherry blossoms, making it the perfect spot for a scenic picnic or leisurely stroll.
19. Explore Gyeongju’s underground world: Visit the Gyerim Forest, also known as “Cave of Geomungo,” which features an underground network of caves and paths illuminated with colorful lights and unique rock formations.
20. Attend a traditional cultural experience program: Participate in one of the many traditional cultural experience programs offered in Gyeongju, such as learning about traditional drumming or practicing Korean martial arts like taekkyeon. These activities provide an interactive way to learn about Korean culture and history.